Thelwall, M., Vis, F., 2017.

Gender and image sharing on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Snapchat and WhatsApp in the UK

Purpose - Despite the on going shift from text-based to image-based communication in the social web,
supported by the affordances of smartphones, little is known about the new image sharing practices. Both gender
and platform type seem likely to be important, but it is unclear how. The paper aims to discuss these issues.
Design/methodology/approach - This paper surveys an age-balanced sample of UK Facebook, Twitter,
Instagram, Snapchat and WhatsApp image sharers with a range of exploratory questions about platform use,
privacy, interactions, technology use and profile pictures.
Findings - Females shared photos more often overall and shared images more frequently on Snapchat, but
males shared more images on Twitter, particularly for hobbies. Females also tended to have more privacyrelated concerns but were more willing, in principle, to share pictures of their children. Females also interacted
more through others' images by liking and commenting on them. Both genders used supporting apps but in
different ways: females applied filters and posted to albums whereas males retouched photos and used photo
organising apps. Finally, males were more likely to be alone in their profile pictures.
Practical implications - Those designing visual social web communication strategies to reach out to users
should consider the different ways in which platforms are used by males and females to optimise their
message for their target audience.
Social implications - There are clear gender and platform differences in visual communication strategies.
Overall, males may tend to have more informational and females more relationship-based, skills or needs.
Originality/value - This is the first detailed survey of electronic image sharing practices and the first to
systematically compare the current generation of platforms.