Zhao, K.J., Sun, G., 2025.

From push to partnership: evolving public engagement strategies in pandemic-induced street experiments

This study explores the evolution of public engagement strategies and their impact on pandemic-induced street experiments. Analysing 24 cases worldwide, it identifies three engagement structures: Push-Pull, Lean Push-Pull-Network, and Rich Push-Pull-Network. The first two structures revealed challenges, including public dissatisfaction with rapid, low-cost designs, limited governmental capacity to integrate feedback, and inadequate evaluation mechanisms. In contrast, the Rich Push-Pull-Network structure - characterized by two-way communication and participatory decision-making - significantly increased the likelihood of street experiment continuation, underscoring the crucial role of public engagement in co-creating inclusive and resilient urban design outcomes during and beyond crisis contexts.